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FTP Configuration


FTP (File Transfer Protocol)










FTP, the File Transfer Protocol, is one of the original network applications developed with the TCP/IP protocol suite. It follows the standard model for network services, as FTP requires a client and a server , the first implementations of FTP date back to 1971.
FTP set out to solve the need to publish documents and software so that people could get them easily from other computer systems. On the FTP server, files were organized in a directory structure; users could connect to the server over the network ,and download files from (and possibly upload files to) the server.
The Very Secure FTP Server (vsFTPd) is the only FTP server software included in the Red Hat Linux distribution , vsFTPd is becoming the FTP server of choice for sites that need to support thousands of concurrent downloads. It was also designed to secure your systems against most common attacks.




Configurations Files
1. /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf -  Main Configuration File
2. /etc/vsftpd/ftpusers - Contains Users list to allow or deny  
3. /etc/vsftpd/user_list - Contains Users list to allow or deny

Note:- If you previously configured YUM server then VSFTPD package need not to be installed. It is already installed while configuring YUM server.

Configuring FTP Server.
[root@server1 ~]# yum install vsftpd*                                   
Loaded plugins: refresh-packagekit, rhnplugin
This system is not registered with RHN.
RHN support will be disabled.

Server                                                                                                | 1.3 kB     00:00    
Setting up Install Process
Package vsftpd-2.2.2-6.el6.i686 already installed and latest version
Nothing to do
[root@server1 ~]# yum install ftp*
Loaded plugins: refresh-packagekit, rhnplugin
This system is not registered with RHN.
RHN support will be disabled.
Server                                                                                                | 1.3 kB     00:00    
Setting up Install Process
No package ftp~ available.
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package ftp.i686 0:0.17-51.1.el6 set to be updated
--> Finished Dependency Resolution

Dependencies Resolved

===========================================================================
 Package                   Arch                       Version                             Repository                    Size
===========================================================================
Installing:
 ftp                       i686                       0.17-51.1.el6                       Server                        55 k

Transaction Summary
===========================================================================
Install       1 Package(s)
Upgrade   0 Package(s)

Total download size: 55 k
Installed size: 91 k
Is this ok [y/N]: y                    
Downloading Packages:
ftp-0.17-51.1.el6.i686.rpm                                                                            |  55 kB     00:00    
Running rpm_check_debug
Running Transaction Test
Transaction Test Succeeded
Running Transaction
Installing     : ftp-0.17-51.1.el6.i686                                                                                1/1

Installed:
ftp.i686 0:0.17-51.1.el6                                                                                                  
Complete!

[root@server1 ~]# vi  /etc/vsftpd/ftpusers
# Users that are not allowed to login via ftp
root
bin
daemon
adm
lp
sync
shutdown
halt
mail
news
uucp
operator
games
nobody

to remove the root entry from this file
# Users that are not allowed to login via ftp
bin
daemon
adm
lp
sync
shutdown
halt
mail
news
uucp
operator
games
nobody

:wq!
[root@server1 ~]# vi  /etc/vsftpd/user_list
# vsftpd userlist
# If userlist_deny=NO, only allow users in this file
# If userlist_deny=YES (default), never allow users in this file, and
# do not even prompt for a password.
# Note that the default vsftpd pam config also checks /etc/vsftpd/ftpusers
# for users that are denied.
root
bin
daemon
adm
lp
sync
shutdown
halt
mail
news
uucp
operator
games
nobod

to remove the root entry from this file

# vsftpd userlist
# If userlist_deny=NO, only allow users in this file
# If userlist_deny=YES (default), never allow users in this file, and
# do not even prompt for a password.
# Note that the default vsftpd pam config also checks /etc/vsftpd/ftpusers
# for users that are denied.
bin
daemon
adm
lp
sync
shutdown
halt
mail
news
uucp
operator
games
nobod

:wq!

[root@server1 ~]# service  vsftpd  restart                   
Shutting down vsftpd:                                      [  OK  ]
Starting vsftpd for vsftpd:                                [  OK  ]
[root@server1 ~]# chkconfig  --level 35 vsftpd on     
[root@server1 ~]#cd  /var/ftp                                     
[root@server1  ftp]#cat  > hello                                              
Welocme to ITTBLES                                                          
CTRL+D
           
Now open Mozila Firefox and type ftp://200.0.0.100/  in addess bar and press enter. You are able to access pub directory with the help of ftp service. Sameway you can access above link in windows operating systemas with Internet Explorer as well.

1. Configuring FTP Client. (Coping file from server to client)        
[root@client ~]# yum install vsftpd*                          
Loaded plugins: refresh-packagekit, rhnplugin
This system is not registered with RHN.
RHN support will be disabled.
Client                                                                                               | 1.3 kB     00:00    
Setting up Install Process
No package ftp~ available.
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package vsftpd.i686 0:2.2.2-6.el6 set to be updated
--> Finished Dependency Resolution
Dependencies Resolved

========================================================================
 Package                   Arch                       Version                             Repository                    Size
========================================================================
Installing:
vsftpd                       i686                       2.2.2-6.el6  Client155 k

Transaction Summary
========================================================================
Install       1 Package(s)
Upgrade   0 Package(s)

Total download size: 155 k
Installed size: 343 k
Is this ok [y/N]: y                                
Downloading Packages:
vsftpd-2.2.2-6.el6.i686.rpm                                                                            |  155 kB     00:00    
Running rpm_check_debug
Running Transaction Test
Transaction Test Succeeded
Running Transaction
Installing     : ftp-0.17-51.1.el6.i686                                                                                1/1
Installed:
vsftpd.i686.
0:2.2.2-6.el6
Complete!

[root@client ~]# yum  install ftp*                               
Loaded plugins: refresh-packagekit, rhnplugin
This system is not registered with RHN.
RHN support will be disabled.
Client                                                                           | 1.3 kB     00:00    
00:00
Client/primary                                                                          | 1.3 kB     00:00    
00:00
Client                                       2679/2679
Setting up Install Process
No package ftp~ available.
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package ftp.i686 0:0.17-51.1.el6 set to be updated
--> Finished Dependency Resolution
Dependencies Resolved
========================================================================
 Package                   Arch                       Version                             Repository                    Size
========================================================================
Installing:
 ftp                       i686                       0.17-51.1.el6                      Client                        55 k

Transaction Summary
========================================================================
Install       1 Package(s)
Upgrade  0 Package(s)
Total download size: 55 k
Installed size: 91 k
Is this ok [y/N]: y                    
Downloading Packages:
ftp-0.17-51.1.el6.i686.rpm                                                                            |  55 kB     00:00    
Running rpm_check_debug
Running Transaction Test
Transaction Test Succeeded
Running Transaction
Installing     : ftp-0.17-51.1.el6.i686                                                                                1/1

Installed:
ftp.i686 0:0.17-51.1.el6                                                                                                   
Complete!
[root@Client ~]# service  vsftpd  restart                                 
Shutting down vsftpd:                                     [FAILED]
Starting vsftpd for vsftpd:                               [  OK  ]
[root@Client ~]# service  vsftpd  restart                                  …….
Shutting down vsftpd:                                      [  OK  ]
Starting vsftpd for vsftpd:                                [  OK]
[root@client ~]# chkconfig  --level 35 vsftpd on                     …….

[root@Client ~]# ftp  200.0.0.1                                               …….
Connected to 200.0.0.1 (200.0.0.1).
220 (vsFTPd 2.2.2)
Name (200.0.0.1:root): root
530 Permission denied.
Login failed.
ftp>

Now go to Server side and remove root user entry from fele listed below

[root@Server1 ~]# vi /etc/vsftpd/ftpusers                    …….
# Users that are not allowed to login via ftp
root
bin
daemon
adm
lp
sync
shutdown
halt
mail
news
uucp
operator
games
nobody

------------remove the root entry from this file-------------------
# Users that are not allowed to login via ftp
bin
daemon
adm
lp
sync
shutdown
halt
mail
news
uucp
operator
games
nobody

:wq!

[root@Server1 ~]# vi  /etc/vsftpd/user_list                  …….
# vsftpd userlist
# If userlist_deny=NO, only allow users in this file
# If userlist_deny=YES (default), never allow users in this file, and
# do n[root@Client ~]# vi  /etc/vsftpd/ftpusers ot even prompt for a password.
# Note that the default vsftpd pam config also checks /etc/vsftpd/ftpusers
# for users that are denied.
root
bin
daemon
adm
lp
sync
shutdown
halt
mail
news
uucp
operator
games
nobody

-------------------remove the root entry from this file------------------
# vsftpd userlist
# If userlist_deny=NO, only allow users in this file
# If userlist_deny=YES (default), never allow users in this file, and
# do n[root@Client ~]# vi  /etc/vsftpd/ftpusers ot even prompt for a password.
# Note that the default vsftpd pam config also checks /etc/vsftpd/ftpusers
# for users that are denied.
bin
daemon
adm
lp
sync
shutdown
halt
mail
news
uucp
operator
games
nobody

:wq!

Now go to Client Side and use ftp command to copy the file.

 Note:- If you want to block any user add the that user name to any of the above file

[root@Client ~]# ftp  200.0.0.1                                   …….
Connected to 200.0.0.1 (200.0.0.1).
220 (vsFTPd 2.2.2)
Name (200.0.0.1:root): root                             …….
331 Please specify the password.
Password: * * * * *                                         …….
230 Login successful.
Remote system type is UNIX.
Using binary mode to transfer files.
ftp> cd  /var/ftp/                                              …….
250 Directory successfully changed.
ftp> ls                                                              …….
227 Entering Passive Mode (200,0,0,1,76,87).
150 Here comes the directory listing.
-rw-r--r--    1 0        0               3 May 20 17:34 hello
drwxr-xr-x 9 0        0            4096 May 20 15:18 pub
226 Directory send OK.
ftp> get hello                                                   …….
local: hello remote: hello
227 Entering Passive Mode (200,0,0,1,100,3).
150 Opening BINARY mode data connection for hellow (3 bytes).
226 Transfer complete.
3 bytes received in 0.000153 secs (19.61 Kbytes/sec)
ftp> bye                                                           …….
221 Goodbye.
[root@Client ~]# ls                                          …….
anaconda-ks.cfg  Documents  hello       install.log.syslog  Pictures  Templates
Desktop          Downloads  install.log  Music               Public    Videos

2. Configuring FTP Client. (Coping file from server to client on specific location)
[root@Client ~]# ftp  200.0.0.1                                   …….
Connected to 200.0.0.1 (200.0.0.1).
220 (vsFTPd 2.2.2)
Name (200.0.0.1:root): root                             …….
331 Please specify the password.
Password: * * * * *                                         …….
230 Login successful.
Remote system type is UNIX.
Using binary mode to transfer files.
ftp> cd  /var/ftp/                                              …….
250 Directory successfully changed.
ftp> ls                                                              …….
227 Entering Passive Mode (200,0,0,1,76,87).
150 Here comes the directory listing.
-rw-r--r--    1 0        0               3 May 20 17:34 hello
drwxr-xr-x 9 0        0            4096 May 20 15:18 pub
226 Directory send OK.
ftp> get                                                            …….
[remote file]: hello                                           …….
[local file]: /home/user1/file1                          …….
local:  /home/user1/file1  remote: hello
227 Entering Passive Mode (200,0,0,1,100,3).
150 Opening BINARY mode data connection for hellow (3 bytes).
226 Transfer complete.
3 bytes received in 0.000153 secs (19.61 Kbytes/sec)
ftp> bye                                                           …….
221 Goodbye.
[root@Client ~]# cd  /home/cms                                  …….
[root@Client  cms]# ls                                     …….
File1

3. Configuring FTP Client. (Coping file from client to server)        
[root@Client ~]# cat  >  welcome                    …….
Welcome to CMS                                             …….

CTRL+D                                                          …….
[root@Client ~]# ftp  200.0.0.1                                   …….
Connected to 200.0.0.1 (200.0.0.1).
220 (vsFTPd 2.2.2)
Name (200.0.0.1:root): root                             …….
331 Please specify the password.
Password: * * * * *                                         …….
230 Login successful.
Remote system type is UNIX.
Using binary mode to transfer files.
ftp> ls                                                              …….
227 Entering Passive Mode (200,0,0,1,76,87).
150 Here comes the directory listing.
drwxr-xr-x       11         0            4096             May     20  2011 welcome
drwxr-xr-x       2 0        0            4096             May     20  2011 Desktop
drwxr-xr-x       2 0        0            4096             May     21  2011 Documents
drwxr-xr-x       2 0        0            4096             May     21  2011 Downloads
drwxr-xr-x       2 0        0            4096             May     21  2011 Music
drwxr-xr-x       2 0        0            4096 May    21  2011 Pictures
drwxr-xr-x       2 0        0            4096             May     21  2011 Public
drwxr-xr-x       2 0        0            4096             May     21  2011 Templates
drwxr-xr-x       2 0        0            4096             May     21  2011 Videos
-rw-------          1 0        0            1500             Jan       01  2011 anaconda-ks.cfg
-rw-r--r--          1 0        0           45367            Jan       01  2011 install.log
-rw-r--r--          1 0        0           10565   Jan    01  2011 install.log.syslog
226 Directory send OK.
ftp> put welcome                                             …….
local:  welcome  remote:  welcome
227 Entering Passive Mode (200,0,0,1,100,3).
150 ok to send data.
226 Transfer complete.
ftp> bye                                                           …….
221 Goodbye.
[root@Client ~]# ls                                          …….
Welcome

4. Configuring FTP Client. (Coping file client to server to specific location)
 [root@Client ~]# ftp  200.0.0.1                                  …….
Connected to 200.0.0.1 (200.0.0.1).
220 (vsFTPd 2.2.2)
Name (200.0.0.1:root): root                             …….
331 Please specify the password.
Password: * * * * *                                         …….
230 Login successful.
Remote system type is UNIX.
Using binary mode to transfer files.
ftp> ls                                                              …….
227 Entering Passive Mode (200,0,0,1,76,87).
150 Here comes the directory listing.
drwxr-xr-x       11         0            4096             May     20  2011 welcome
drwxr-xr-x       2 0        0            4096             May     20  2011 Desktop
drwxr-xr-x       2 0        0            4096             May     21  2011 Documents
drwxr-xr-x       2 0        0            4096             May     21  2011 Downloads
drwxr-xr-x       2 0        0            4096             May     21  2011 Music
drwxr-xr-x       2 0        0            4096 May    21  2011 Pictures
drwxr-xr-x       2 0        0            4096             May     21  2011 Public
drwxr-xr-x       2 0        0            4096             May     21  2011 Templates
drwxr-xr-x       2 0        0            4096             May     21  2011 Videos
-rw-------          1 0        0            1500             Jan       01  2011 anaconda-ks.cfg
-rw-r--r--          1 0        0           45367            Jan       01  2011 install.log
-rw-r--r--          1 0        0           10565   Jan    01  2011 install.log.syslog
226 Directory send OK.
ftp> put                                                            …….
[local file]: welcome                                        …….
[remote file]: /home/user1/file2                                   …….
local:  welcome  remote:  /home/user1/file2
227 Entering Passive Mode (200,0,0,1,100,3).
150 ok to send data.
226 Transfer complete.
ftp> bye                                                           …….
221 Goodbye.
 [root@Client ~]# cd  /home/cms                     …….
[root@Client  cms]# ls                                     …….
File2

5. Configuring FTP Client. (Coping multiple files from server to client)
[root@Client ~]# ftp  200.0.0.1                                   …….
Connected to 200.0.0.1 (200.0.0.1).
220 (vsFTPd 2.2.2)
Name (200.0.0.1:root): root                             …….
331 Please specify the password.
Password: * * * * *                                         …….
230 Login successful.
Remote system type is UNIX.
Using binary mode to transfer files.
ftp> ls                                                              …….
227 Entering Passive Mode (200,0,0,1,76,87).
150 Here comes the directory listing.
drwxr-xr-x       11         0            4096             May     20 2011 welcome
drwxr-xr-x       11         0            180   May     21 2011 f1
drwxr-xr-x       11         0            156   May     21 2011 f2
drwxr-xr-x       11         0            200   May     21  2011 f3
drwxr-xr-x       2 0        0            4096             May     20  2011 Desktop
drwxr-xr-x       2 0        0            4096             May     21  2011 Documents
drwxr-xr-x       2 0        0            4096             May     21  2011 Downloads
drwxr-xr-x       2 0        0            4096             May     21  2011 Music
drwxr-xr-x       2 0        0            4096 May    21  2011 Pictures
drwxr-xr-x       2 0        0            4096             May     21  2011 Public
drwxr-xr-x       2 0        0            4096             May     21  2011 Templates
drwxr-xr-x       2 0        0            4096             May     21  2011 Videos
-rw-------          1 0        0            1500             Jan       01  2011 anaconda-ks.cfg
-rw-r--r--          1 0        0           45367            Jan       01  2011 install.log
-rw-r--r--          1 0        0           10565   Jan    01  2011 install.log.syslog
226 Directory send OK.
ftp> mget  f*                                                    …….
mget  f1? y                                                      …….
227 Entering Passive Mode (200,0,0,1,76,87).
150 Opening BINARY mode data connection for f1 (180 bytes)
226 Transfer  complete.
mget  f2? y                                                      …….
227 Entering Passive Mode (200,0,0,1,76,87).
150 Opening BINARY mode data connection for f2 (156 bytes)
226 Transfer  complete.
mget  f1? y                                                      …….
227 Entering Passive Mode (200,0,0,1,76,87).
150 Opening BINARY mode data connection for f3 (200 bytes)
226 Transfer  complete.
ftp> bye                                                           …….
221 Goodbye.
[root@Client  ~]# ls                                         …….
f1         f2  



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