NFS (Network File System)
A Network File System (NFS) allows remote hosts to mount file systems over a network and interact with those file systems as though they are mounted locally. This enables system administrators to consolidate resources onto centralized servers on the network. The Network File System (NFS) is the standard for sharing files on a directory with Linux and Unix computers. It was originally developed by Sun Microsystems in the mid-1980s.
You can create shared NFS directories directly by editing the /etc/exports configuration file, or you can create them with Red Hat's NFS Configuration tool.
Configurations Files
1. /etc/exports - Main Configuration File
1. Configurations NFS Server.
[root@server1 ~]# yum install nfs*
Loaded plugins: refresh-packagekit, rhnplugin
This system is not registered with RHN.
RHN support will be disabled.
Setting up Install Process
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package nfs-utils.i686 1:1.2.2-7.el6 set to be updated
---> Package nfs-utils-lib.i686 0:1.1.5-1.el6 set to be updated
---> Package nfs4-acl-tools.i686 0:0.3.3-5.el6 set to be updated
--> Finished Dependency Resolution
Dependencies Resolved
=========================================================================== Package Arch Version Repository Size
===========================================================================
Installing:
nfs-utils i686 1:1.2.2-7.el6 Server 296 k
nfs-utils-lib i686 1.1.5-1.el6 Server 65 k
nfs4-acl-tools i686 0.3.3-5.el6 Server 43 k
Transaction Summary
===========================================================================
Install 3 Package(s)
Upgrade 0 Package(s)
Total download size: 404 k
Installed size: 989 k
Is this ok [y/N]: y
Downloading Packages:
(1/3): nfs-utils-1.2.2-7.el6.i686.rpm | 296 kB 00:00
(2/3): nfs-utils-lib-1.1.5-1.el6.i686.rpm | 65 kB 00:00
(3/3): nfs4-acl-tools-0.3.3-5.el6.i686.rpm | 43 kB 00:00
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total 2.5 MB/s | 404 kB 00:00
Running rpm_check_debug
Running Transaction Test
Transaction Test Succeeded
Running Transaction
Installing : 1:nfs-utils-1.2.2-7.el6.i686 1/3
Installing : nfs-utils-lib-1.1.5-1.el6.i686 2/3
Installing : nfs4-acl-tools-0.3.3-5.el6.i686 3/3
Installed:
nfs-utils.i686 1:1.2.2-7.el6 nfs-utils-lib.i686 0:1.1.5-1.el6 nfs4-acl-tools.i686 0:0.3.3-5.el6
Complete!
[root@server1 ~]# mkdir /data
[root@server1 ~]# cd /data
[root@server1 data]# ll
total 0
[root@server1 data]# touch file1 file2
[root@server1 data]# cat >> file1
Welcome
CTRL+D
[root@server1 data]# ll
total 0
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 8 Aug 8 13:26 file1
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Aug 8 13:26 file2
[root@server1 data]# chmod o+rw file1
[root@server1 data]# ll
total 4
-rw-r--rw- 1 root root 8 Aug 8 13:29 file1
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Aug 8 13:26 file2
[root@server1 ~]# vi /etc/exports
/data *(rw,sync)
:wq!
[root@server1 ~]# service nfs restart
Shutting down NFS mountd: [FAILED]
Shutting down NFS daemon: [FAILED]
Shutting down NFS quotas: [FAILED]
Starting NFS services: [ OK ]
Starting NFS quotas: [ OK ]
Starting NFS daemon: [ OK ]
Starting NFS mountd: [ OK ]
Starting RPC idmapd: [ OK ]
[root@server1 ~]# chkconfig --level 35 nfs on
[root@server1 ~]# showmount -e 200.0.0.1
Export list for 200.0.0.1:
/data *
1. Configurations NFS Client.
[root@client ~]# showmount –e 200.0.0.1
Export list for 200.0.0.1:
/data *
[root@client ~]# mount 200.0.0.1:/data /mnt
[root@client ~]# cd /mnt
[root@client mnt]# ll
total 0
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Aug 8 13:26 file1
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Aug 8 13:26 file2
[root@client mnt]# cat >> file1
bash: file1: Permission denied
[root@client mnt]# ll
total 4
-rw-r--rw- 1 root root 8 Aug 8 13:29 file1
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Aug 8 13:26 file2
[root@client mnt]# cat >> file1
welcome
to ITTables
CTRL+D
[root@clientmnt]# cat file1
welcome
to ITTables
[root@clientmnt]# vi file1
welocme to ITTables
:wq!
[root@client mnt]# cat file1
welcome to ITTables
2. Configurations NFS Server to share directory for specific client .
[root@server1 ~]# vi /etc/exports
/data 200.0.0.40(rw,sync)
:wq! …….
[root@server1 ~]# service nfs restart
Shutting down NFS mountd: [ OK ]
Shutting down NFS daemon: [ OK ]
Shutting down NFS quotas: [ OK ]
Shutting down NFS services: [ OK ]
Starting NFS services: [ OK ]
Starting NFS quotas: [ OK ]
Starting NFS daemon: [ OK ]
Starting NFS mountd: [ OK ]
[root@server1 ~]# showmount -e 200.0.0.1
Export list for 200.0.0.1:
/data 200.0.0.40
2. Configurations NFS Client.
[root@client2 ~]# showmount -e 200.0.0.1
Export list for 200.0.0.1:
/data 200.0.0.40
[root@client2 ~]# mount 200.0.0.1:/data /mnt
[root@client2 ~]# cd /mnt
[root@client2 mnt]# ll
total 0
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Aug 8 13:26 file1
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Aug 8 13:26 file2
[root@client1 ~]# mount 200.0.0.1:/data /mnt
cannot open directory .: Permission denied
3. Configurations NFS Server to share directory for clients in a specific network.
[root@server1 ~]# vi /etc/exports
/data 200.0.0.0/24(rw,sync)
:wq!
[root@server1 ~]# service nfsrestart
Shutting down NFS mountd: [ OK ]
Shutting down NFS daemon: [ OK ]
Shutting down NFS quotas: [ OK ]
Shutting down NFS services: [ OK ]
Starting NFS services: [ OK ]
Starting NFS quotas: [ OK ]
Starting NFS daemon: [ OK ]
Starting NFS mountd: [ OK ]
[root@server1 ~]# showmount -e 200.0.0.1
Export list for 200.0.0.1:
/data 200.0.0.0/24
3. Configurations NFS Client.
[root@client1 ~]# showmount -e 200.0.0.1
Export list for 200.0.0.1:
/data 200.0.0.0/24
[root@client1 ~]# mount 200.0.0.1:/data /mnt
[root@client1 ~]# cd /mnt
[root@client mnt]# ll
total 0
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Aug 8 13:26 file1
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Aug 8 13:26 file2
[root@client2 ~]# showmount -e 200.0.0.1
Export list for 200.0.0.1:
/data 200.0.0.0/24
[root@client2 ~]# mount 200.0.0.1:/data /mnt
[root@client2 ~]# cd /mnt
[root@client mnt]# ll
total 0
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Aug 8 13:26 file1
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Aug 8 13:26 file2
It was originally developed by Sun Microsystems in the mid-1980s. You can create shared NFS directories directly by editing the /etc/exports configuration file, or you can create them with Red Hat's NFS Configuration tool.cloud hosting
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