TCP and UDP
OSI Model DOD Model
(Department
of Defence)
TCP/IP
Stack
TCP / UDP
TCP: Transmission Control Protocol
UDP: User Datagram Protocol -- - Eg: Live Streaming Match
Characteristic of UDP
1. UDP Operates at transport layer of OSI model
and TCP / IP Stack
2. UDP provides application with access to
network layer without the overhead of reliability of mechanism
3. UDP is the connection less
protocol
4. Provide limited error
checking
5. Provide best effort
delivery
6. UDP heads no data recovery
features
Characteristic of TCP
1. TCP operates at transport
layer of OSI Model and TCP/IP Stack (DOD Model)
2. Access to the network
layer for application
3. Connection oriented
protocol
4. Full duplex mode
operations
5. Error Checking
6. Frequency of data packets
7. Reliable delivery
acknowledge of receipt
8. Data recovery features
9. Flow control
(Three Way Hand Shake)
TCP Acknowledge and Flow Control
Source Port : --
Description:=
1.
Number of calling port(16 bits)
2.
Destination port:-
Description: Number of
called port (16 bits)
3.
Length
Description:- Length of
UDP header and UDP data ( 16 bits)
4.
Check sum
Description:- Calculated
check sum of the header and data fields (16 bits)
5.
Data:
Description:- Upper layer
protocol data
TCP Header
1. Source Port : - Number of
calling port 16 bits
2. Destination Port : - Number of called port (16 bits)
3. Sequence Number : Sequence
Number of the data octet in this segment which use to ensure connect sequencing
of the arriving data (32 bits)
4. Acknowledgement number : The Next TCP Octet that is accepted by the
receiver (32 bits)
5. Header Length : Number of 32 bits words in the header (4 bits)
6. Reserved : set to zero (3 hits)
7. Flag : Using in Session management and in treatment of segment (9
bits) a Single bit that has specific meaning is often is refer to as a flag
8. Window Size : The Number octet that the header and fields that are
used for error checking(16 bits)
9. Check sum: calculated check sum of the header and fields that are
used for error checking(16 bits)
10. Urgent Pointer : Indicated the end of urgent data ( 16 bits)
11. Options : the variable length field which contents optional
headerthat you may want to use
12. Data : Upper layer Protocol
Data
Well Known Ports:
0
- 1023
Registered Ports:
1024
- 49151
Dynamically
Ports:
49152
– 65535
A. Well Known Port: are assigned by IANA (Internet Assign
Number Authority) and Number 1024 and below. This Number are assigned to
applications that are fundamental to the internet by defying this well known
ports for server application, Client Application can be programmed to request
the connection to that specific port its associated service.
B. Registered Port: are list by IANA and are number from 1024 to
49151. This port are used for proprietary application (Zimbra, Lotus mail) When
not used server resources, this port may also be dynamically selected by client
as it sources port.
C. Dynamically Assign Port:
are assign numbers between 49152 - 65535
this port are assign dynamically for the duration of the specific session.
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